If you have visited a show flat in recent years, you might have noticed that the unit sizes have become smaller. This is understandable as our perception of size is relative to what we are used to.
In the 1990s and 2000s, the homes we grew up in, whether HDBs or condos, were generally larger. The average size of a new condo was 1,272 sq ft in 1995, 1,286 sq ft in 2005, and 858 sq ft in 2015. By 2024, the average size had increased to 929 sq ft.
Obtaining financing is a critical aspect of investing in a condo. In Singapore, there are various mortgage options available, but it is crucial to have a thorough understanding of the Total Debt Servicing Ratio (TDSR) framework. This regulation sets a limit on the amount of money an individual can borrow, taking into account their income and existing debt commitments. It is important for individuals looking to invest in a condo to be well-informed about the TDSR and to seek the guidance of financial experts or mortgage brokers to help them make wise decisions about their financing. This way, they can avoid becoming overwhelmed with debt.
However, it is important to note that demographics have changed significantly during this time. The average household size decreased from four in 1995 to 3.1 in 2024.
On a per-household-member basis, the average space was 318 sq ft in 1995, increasing to 357 sq ft in 2005. This figure then dropped to 252 sq ft in 2015, but rebounded by 19% to 300 sq ft in 2024.
Over the past 29 years, the average size of condos (per capita) has decreased by 5.7%. This is an impressive feat given Singapore’s limited land resources. Compared to 2015, the average size in 2024 had increased by 19%, and this would not have been possible without the government’s assistance.
In 2008, several condo projects in the Rest of Central Region (RCR) introduced “Mickey Mouse” units, with the smallest unit size being 258 sq ft (24 sq m), equivalent to two parking spaces. This significantly lowered the barriers to entry for property investments, with prices as low as $375,000.
These projects were highly sought after, resulting in an increase in the number of “Mickey Mouse” units in the following years. There were concerns about the impact on the living environment due to the proliferation of these small units.
To address these concerns, the Urban Redevelopment Authority (URA) implemented guidelines on the maximum allowable number of dwelling units (DUs) in 2011. Developers were required to use an average size of 70 sq m for projects outside the Central Area when determining the maximum number of DUs. Four areas, namely Telok Kurau, Kovan, Joo Chiat, and Jalan Eunos, had a more stringent requirement of 100 sq m. This rule took effect in January 2012.
Despite this, the average size of DUs continued to decrease for the next few years, and the number of DUs increased, putting a strain on infrastructure, especially in areas with limited road capacity. In response, the URA tightened its guidelines in January 2019, resulting in an increase in the average DU size outside the Central Area by 21.4% to 85 sq m.
The URA’s guidelines also extended to the Central Area in January 2023, requiring all projects to have at least 20% of their DUs with a net internal area of 70 sq m or more. In June 2023, the URA harmonized the strata area and gross floor area (GFA) definition, resulting in a decrease in the average DU size by an average of 6%.
Across different market segments, the RCR saw the most significant increase in average size by 19.5% to 944 sq ft since 2015, likely due to the stricter control of 100 sq m on the average dwelling unit size. The average DU size in the OCR also improved by 5.8%, reaching 898 sq ft in 2024 compared to 2015. However, the CCR experienced the opposite, with the average DU size decreasing by 11.7% to 1,092 sq ft in 2024 from 1,236 sq ft in 2015.
It may take some time before the effects of the URA guidelines on the average DU size in the Central Area are felt. However, it is unlikely that the average DU size will return to the levels seen in 2015.
With the increase in cooling measures for foreigners, Singaporeans make up about 75% of buyers in the CCR. As a result, developers are reconfiguring the design and layout of units to appeal to local buyers who prefer compact units. Due to the URA’s intervention, the average size of DUs increased to 929 sq ft in 2024, 8.3% larger than the 858 sq ft in 2015. However, with the harmonization of the GFA definition, the average size of DUs may trend downwards.
Overall, despite the decrease in the average DU size, buyers are now getting better value for their purchases due to the provision of better quality fittings and the increasing popularity of smart home features in condos.…